
Lawrence v. Texas: Freedom for What?
By Mary S. Meade
Special to the Herald
(From the issue of 7/10/03)
In its ruling in Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme
Court repeats one of the silliest, self-serving quotes from American
judicial history, made infamous in Planned Parenthood v. Casey: "At
the heart of liberty is the right to define one's own concept of existence,
of meaning, of the universe, and of the mystery of human life." In the
tradition that case, the Lawrence opinion, written by Justice Anthony
Kennedy, continues a defense of "liberty" which dodges the meaning and
purpose of human freedom.
At issue is a Texas law unevenly directed at homosexual,
not heterosexual, sodomy. The law passed through proper process of the Texas
legislature, yet did not provide for equal treatment. The men subjected to
the law did not allege improper notice or unfair opportunities to defend
themselves. Thus, it seemed a clear violation of the Constitution’s Equal
Protection clause. Yet, had the Supreme Court properly nullified the law
based on unequal protection, the citizens of Texas would have retained the
opportunity to correct the law.
Instead the Court wanted to preclude all states from
realizing this legislative right. Kennedy admits: "Were we to hold the
statute invalid under the Equal Protection Clause some might question
whether a prohibition would be valid if drawn differently, say, to prohibit
the conduct both between same-sex and different-sex participants." So the
opinion forces a broader assertion that homosexual sodomy is "protected
conduct."
With no constitutional support for such "protected
conduct," the majority resorts to the Due Process clause, wherein no
one can be deprived of life, liberty or property without adequate notice,
proper procedures and a fair opportunity to respond. Yet the Court fails to
call homosexual sodomy a "fundamental right" and fails to subject the Texas
law to the necessary testing rigors of "strict scrutiny" required by a long
line of cases.
Had the Lawrence case turned out otherwise, how
would public reaction differ? Justice Kennedy pronounced the two homosexuals
who brought the case "are entitled to respect for their private lives."
Imagine an opposite statement by the majority: "The petitioners are entitled
to be disrespected for their private lives." The imagined outcome is as
outlandish as the actual one not because one outlook is more popular or
progressive. Rather, Supreme Court jurisdiction exists to test the
constitutionality of laws drafted by a free society. It does not entail a
right to create law when a case clashes with a justice’s personal opinion.
The citizens of a locale, through properly elected state
legislatures, have the right to formulate laws within their state
boundaries. Thus a variety of state laws, after due debate, impose moral
restrictions on personal freedom, in effect stating: Thou shalt not steal,
murder, rape, commit bigamy or incest, etc. A citizenry can vote out
lawmakers for legislating stupidly or improperly. It has no such voting
right regarding justices since the Supreme Court was not given the power to
legislate. The authority of the justices is limited to upholding or
overturning laws which substantively or in application fail on
constitutional grounds.
T he personal preferences of the justices are as
irrelevant as those of the two petitioners in this case. Yet
the five majority justices could not
transcend personal views on homosexual conduct. We are a nation of
laws. Judges are not meant to act on individual sentiment. Built into the
Constitution is the tenet that unwise laws would eventually be corrected by
the voters. Even Justice O’Connor, who agreed with the majority’s result,
but disagreed with the reasoning, noted "the Constitution presumes that even
improvident decisions will eventually be rectified by the democratic
processes."
Lawrence defines a new sort of constitutional freedom
of association to engage in homosexual conduct. It also neuters states that
seek "to control a personal relationship that, whether or not entitled to
formal recognition in the law, is within the liberty of persons to choose
without being punished as criminals." In a telling comment, the opinion also
notes: "As the Constitution endures, persons in every generation can invoke
its principles in their own search for greater freedom ." In short,
bring on the cases! No "personal relationship" of consenting adults should
be deprived of any freedom.
What case will be next? Incest, bigamy, homosexual
marriages, sadomasochistic conduct, and so on, all fit within the scope of
this extraordinary opinion which follows a line of thinking about freedom
and "privacy" that spawned Roe v. Wade. The Lawrence
opinion is another generated by
judicially undisciplined justices whose personal morals are outraged by a
citizenry with a differing sense of morality.
Freedom was not created by America. The gift of human
freedom, not of human making, is not to be "dispensed" as a commodity by
judges. Freedom has long been recognized as an endowment of man’s creator,
whether he is called Yahweh, Jesus Christ, Allah, or some other name. Man is
created free for a purpose, so that he might willingly choose to do good and
avoid evil. Only within the meaning and purpose of liberty does man find the
fullness of human action. Freedom is not meant for personal human
distortion. There is a greater goal. The natural law within guides the
search for goodness as man disciplines self for greater things.
Freedom is properly the subject of human meditation and
Texas undertook this discussion and came up with a faulty law. But at least
Texans were dialoguing how best to fulfill freedom’s endowment. The Supreme
Court has now removed that dialogue as a right for Texas or any other state
on this issue, thus treating freedom as something arbitrary or accidental in
the human make-up. What is freedom’s purpose but to enable us better to
enter into free speech and democratic laws designed to promote the common
good? The goal is not freedom at any cost, or freedom to do anything.
As James Madison noted in his Federalist
Papers, "If men were angels, no government would be necessary."
Meade is
co-founder of the Marriage & Family Recovery Programs.
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