VATICAN CITY — Pope John Paul II named 30 new cardinals, including Philadelphia Archbishop Justin F. Rigali, enlarging and further internationalizing the group that will one day elect his successor.

The pope will induct the cardinals in a consistory at the Vatican Oct. 21, adding a major event to an already heavy program of celebrations for the 25th anniversary of the pope's election.

"The candidates ... come from various parts of the world and carry out diverse duties in the service of the people of God," the pope said in announcing the names from his window above St. Peter's Square Sept. 28. He spoke in a weak voice and sounded short of breath.

"As a group, they well respect the universality of the church and the multiplicity of its ministries," he said.

The new cardinals represent 18 countries from all six continents. Seven are Vatican officials, 19 are heads of archdioceses around the world and four are priests over 80 years old being honored for their service to the church.

The pope also said he was preserving the name of one new cardinal "in pectore," or in his heart. In the past, such cardinals have served in places where public knowledge of their appointment might provoke hostility against the church.

Those named included Australian Archbishop George Pell of Sydney, Canadian Archbishop Marc Ouellet of Quebec and Scottish Archbishop Keith O'Brien of Edinburgh. For the first time, cardinals were appointed from the African countries of Ghana and Sudan.

The pope made his announcement during a nine-hour electrical blackout in Italy, and the Vatican had to fire up emergency generators so pilgrims could hear the pontiff. In the darkened Vatican press hall, journalists worked by flashlight and candlelight to get out the news.

The appointments will bring the total number in the College of Cardinals to 194, a record high number of cardinals from 69 countries. After the last consistory of 2001, there were 184 cardinals.

As he has done previously, the pope waived the maximum of 120 cardinal-electors, those under age 80 and thus eligible to vote in a conclave. When they accept their "red hats" at the consistory, the total number of cardinal-electors will be 135 -- matching the record high number of 2001. All but five of the 135 have been named by Pope John Paul.

The new voting-age cardinals include 14 Europeans; three each from Africa, Asia and North America; two from South America and one from Australia.

Cardinal-designate Rigali, 68, worked for 30 years at the Vatican, where he was president of the Holy See's diplomatic academy,1985-89, and secretary of the Congregation for Bishops, 1989-94. Appointed as archbishop of St. Louis in 1994, he was recently named to head the Philadelphia Archdiocese and will be installed there Oct. 7.

Absent from the list of new cardinals was Archbishop Sean P. O'Malley of Boston, who took over the archdiocese last summer in the wake of clerical sex abuse scandals. Many inside and outside the Vatican had expected him to be given the red hat.

In Canada, Cardinal-designate Ouellet is a 59-year-old Sulpician who took over as head of the country's third-largest archdiocese, Quebec, less than a year ago.

The complete list of new cardinals included the following Vatican officials, in the order in which they were named:

-- French Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran, 60, the Secretariat of State official who deals with foreign affairs. The honor appeared to signal an imminent job change for the cardinal-designate.

-- Italian Archbishop Renato Martino, 70, president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace.

-- Italian Archbishop Francesco Marchisano, 74, archpriest of the Basilica of St. Peter.

-- Spanish Archbishop Julian Herranz, 73, president of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts.

-- Mexican Archbishop Javier Lozano Barragan, 70, president of the Pontifical Council for Health Care Workers.

-- Japanese Archbishop Stephen F. Hamao, 73, president of the Pontifical Council for Migrants and Travelers.

-- Italian Archbishop Attilio Nicora, 66, president of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Holy See.

The complete list of residential archbishops, in the order named:

-- Italian Archbishop Angelo Scola, 61, the patriarch of Venice.

-- Nigerian Archbishop Anthony Olubunmi Okogie of Lagos, 67.

-- French Archbishop Bernard Panafieu of Marseilles, 72.

-- Sudanese Archbishop Gabriel Zubeir Wako of Khartoum, 62.

-- Spanish Archbishop Carlos Amigo Vallejo of Seville, a 69-year-old Franciscan.

-- Archbishop Rigali of Philadelphia.

-- Scottish Archbishop O'Brien of St. Andrews and Edinburgh, 65.

-- Brazilian Archbishop Eusebio Scheid of Rio de Janeiro, 70, a member of the Congregation of the Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.

-- Italian Archbishop Ennio Antonelli of Florence, 66.

-- Italian Archbishop Tarcisio Bertone of Genoa, a 68-year-old Salesian.

-- Ghanian Archbishop Peter Turkson of Cape Coast, 54.

-- Indian Archbishop Telesphore Toppo of Ranchi, 63.

-- Australian Archbishop Pell of Sydney, 62.

-- Croatian Archbishop Josip Bozanic of Zagreb, 54.

-- Vietnamese Archbishop Jean-Baptiste Pham Minh Man of Ho Chi Minh City, whom the Vatican lists as born in 1934.

-- Guatemalan Archbishop Rodolfo Quezada Toruno of Guatemala City, 71.

-- French Archbishop Philippe Barbarin of Lyons, 52.

-- Hungarian Archbishop Peter Erdo of Esztergom-Budapest, 51.

-- Archbishop Ouellet of Quebec.

The four elderly priests named cardinals all have personal ties to the pope:

-- Swiss Dominican Father Georges Cottier, 81, has been "theologian of the pontifical household" since 1989. He is known for his expertise on social ethics.

-- Belgian Msgr. Gustaaf Joos, an 80-year-old moral theologian, was a classmate of the pope's at the Belgian College in the 1940s, and the two kept close ties afterward.

-- Czech Jesuit Father Tomas Spidlik, 83, an expert in Eastern spirituality, led the pope's Lenten retreat in 1995.

-- Polish Father Stanislas Nagy, an 81-year-old Dehonian theologian, taught with the pope at Lublin University in Poland, was named by the pope to the International Theological Commission and served as an adviser to two synods of bishops.

The consistory will be held immediately after a six-day program of liturgies, meetings and festivities to mark the 25th anniversary of the pope's election Oct. 16, 1978. It will come just two days after the beatification of Mother Teresa of Calcutta.