NEW YORK — In a remarkably succinct yet evocative nationally
televised address, written by Catholic speechwriter Peggy Noonan and delivered
Jan. 28, 1986, President Ronald Reagan memorably eulogized the seven souls who
had perished in the Challenger shuttle disaster earlier that day.
Quoting the aviator and poet John Magee, he said of them:
"They ... slipped the surly bonds of earth to touch the face of God."
"Challenger: The Final Flight," a docuseries that recalls
both the tragedy and the subsequent investigation into what went wrong, has its
moments. But it isn't nearly as impactful as the 40th president's brief talk.
Its four one-hour segments are streaming now on Netflix.
Occasional off-color language aside, the program includes nothing
objectionable. Too emotionally intense for younger children, the show is
suitable for adults and teens.
Created by Steven Leckart and Glen Zipper, the series begins with
an image younger viewers may initially find quaint. In a reenactment, students
in a classroom are gathered around a 19-inch color analog TV set.
They're attentively watching the Challenger's ill-fated
launch from Cape Canaveral's Kennedy Space Center because one of its crew is
Christa McAuliffe, a 37-year-old social studies teacher from New Hampshire. The
wife and mother of two had been selected from a pool of 11,000 applicants and
10 finalists vying to become the first civilian astronaut.
As her younger sister, Lisa Bristol, recalls, Christa
"believed she could do extraordinary things. But she believed everybody
could."
The Reagan administration's drive to recruit a teacher for NASA
was intended to counter the perceived nonchalance of the public regarding space
travel. "A common, ordinary citizen" on the Challenger,
"takes some of the mystique away of the old astronaut tradition,"
says a television reporter covering the launch.
As the filmmakers point out, the overall diversity of
the Challenger's crew demonstrated how NASA had changed for the better in
the 1970s. Three African Americans, one Asian American and six women were part
of NASA's 1978 astronaut class — four of whom were aboard the Challenger.
As the documentarians also observe, however, such a positive
development could only temporarily mask the grave technical issues involving
the shuttle's solid rocket booster system that would ultimately cause its catastrophic
loss.
Engineers at Thiokol, the company that designed the booster, had
identified a crucial flaw that precluded the spacecraft from flying when
temperatures fell below 53 degrees Fahrenheit. Yet, under pressure from NASA,
the Utah-based corporation signed off on letting the January launch proceed. It
did so — despite the icicles clinging to
the 250,000-pound aircraft.
In the aftermath of the disaster, Reagan appointed a commission,
headed by former Secretary of State William P. Rogers, to explore what went
awry. The president, the documentary reveals, was anxious to avoid embarrassing
NASA.
If that was the goal, the appointment of Nobel Prize-winning
physicist Richard Feynman to the board effectively undermined it. His
experiments confirmed the design defect that precipitated the calamity.
NASA's hubris — manifested in the belief that, in the words of
one commentator, "this is so safe we could put schoolteachers on it" —
was largely responsible, the filmmakers convincingly argue, for what New York Times journalist David E. Sanger characterizes
as "the manslaughter" of the Challenger astronauts.
The producers' willingness to uncover the truth is admirable.
They also show wisdom in recognizing that those most directly affected by the
events are the ones best positioned to tell the story. Thus, we hear from
astronauts, Thiokol engineers, NASA officials and relatives of the crew.
Yet the film's emphasis on technical issues frequently
overshadows its human-interest narratives. Viewers may, for example, hear more
about O rings than they really care to. Those who stick it out to the final
episode, however, will be rewarded with a renewed focus on the people involved
in this sad chapter of history.
This last installment also features an observation that will
resonate with those committed to Gospel values. June Scobee Rodgers, widow of
the Challenger's commander, Dick Scobee, says of those whose negligence
led to her husband's death: "We need to forgive those people. We need to
move on."
Byrd is a guest reviewer for Catholic News Service.