From the first moments of creation, God declared that "it is
not good for the man to be alone" (Gn 2:18). Human beings long for
companionship, for someone to relate to, someone to desire the best for. This
is not only a yearning for romantic love; humans are made for friendship, and,
ultimately, friendship with God.
Even before the time of Christ, Aristotle wrote beautifully on
the subject of friendship. Many are familiar with a phrase of his composing, a
friend is "a single soul in two bodies." Theological inaccuracies
notwithstanding, it is an intriguing observation.
He identified three types of friendships: friendships of utility,
where the friendship is based around the benefit that can be derived from it;
friendships of pleasure, where simple enjoyment comes from the friendship; and
friendships of virtue, wherein the friends share a pursuit of virtue and will
the good of the other, helping them along on the path toward virtue.
This last is the closest to what Christians would consider an
ideal friendship and is certainly the strongest tie.
In the history of the church, there are many examples of prominent
saints who were dear friends, and they can serve as a guide and example on how
to live a virtuous and holy friendship.
One example is St. Perpetua and St. Felicity. Perpetua was a
Roman noblewoman, and Felicity was her slave. More than this, they were
friends, and helped each other through the unimaginably difficult time of their
persecution and eventual martyrdom in 203.
St. Ignatius of Loyola and St. Francis Xavier were two of the
founding members of the Society of Jesus and even lived together during their
university studies.
One of the most profound examples is the friendship between St.
Basil the Great and St. Gregory Nazianzen, who lived in the fourth century in
what is now Turkey. In one of Gregory's surviving sermons, we find high praise
of his friend Basil:
"Our single object and ambition was virtue," Gregory
wrote, "and a life of hope in the blessings that are to come; we wanted to
withdraw from this world before we departed from it. With this end in view we
ordered our lives and all our actions. We followed the guidance of God's law
and spurred each other on to virtue. If it is not too boastful to say we found
in each other a standard and rule for discerning right from wrong" (Oratio
43).
Surely this is a simple guide for holy friendships.
There is much to learn about holy friendships in Scripture and
the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Sirach states, "Faithful friends are
a sturdy shelter; whoever finds one finds a treasure" (6:14).
A faithful friend is not merely one who regularly "hangs out"
with us; we get the true scope of profoundest friendship from the lips of Our
Lord: "No one has greater love than this, to lay down one's life for one's
friends" (Jn 15:13). This advice, given to the apostles just hours before
Jesus would be executed, is the gold standard.
We have been made friends of God through Jesus Christ, even after
severing the friendship countless times throughout history. "I no longer
call you slaves," Jesus said, "I have called you friends, because I
have told you everything I have heard from my Father" (Jn 15:15).
Even earlier in salvation history, the Ten Commandments give us a
sense of how we are to live in relation to other people.
The Ten Commandments are divided into two sections: one,
consisting of the First through Third commandments, concerns our relationship
with God; the other, covering the Fourth through Tenth commandments, concerns
our relationship with other people.
Jesus says the greatest commandment is to love God with all our
heart and soul, and to love our neighbor as ourself. This is the Ten
Commandments in miniature and says a lot about what we might think of as
"holy friendship."
The Catechism of the Catholic Church goes into deeper detail,
stating that our whole being should be oriented toward friendship with God:
"By his revelation, 'the invisible God, from the fullness of
his love, addresses men as his friends, and moves among them, in order to
invite and receive them into his own company.' The adequate response to this
invitation is faith" (No. 142).
Humans were created and established in right union with God:
"The first man was not only created good, but was also established in
friendship with his Creator" (No 374).
In a 2006 essay, Alice von Hildebrand called friendship the
"remnant of paradise," something we should continually strive to
return to.
As the catechism reads: "Revelation makes known to us the
state of original holiness and justice of man and woman before sin: From their
friendship with God flowed the happiness of their existence in paradise"
(No. 384).
A truly virtuous and holy friendship is one in which the good of
the other is willed above all and which encourages the practice of virtue and
ultimately friendship with God. "Whether it develops between persons of
the same or opposite sex, friendship represents a great good for all. It leads
to spiritual communion" (No. 2347).
Senz is a freelance writer living in Oregon with his
family.