Q. Several weeks ago in your column, you
stated that Mary remained a virgin after Jesus' birth and for the rest of her
life. The Bible states otherwise. Matthew 1:24-25 says that Joseph "did
not know her until she had brought forth her firstborn Son."
Other passages reveal that Jesus had other
siblings, born to Joseph and Mary after the birth of Jesus. (James is named as
one of the half-brothers of Jesus). It would be helpful if you were to make
this correction in a future column. (La Belle, Mo.)
A. According to the consistent and centuries-old teaching of the
Catholic Church, no correction is needed. As the Catechism of the Catholic
Church states, quoting St. Augustine from the 5th century, Mary "remained
a virgin in conceiving her Son, a virgin in giving birth to him, a virgin in
carrying him, a virgin in nursing him at her breast, always a virgin" (No.
510).
The early leaders of Protestantism, in fact — including Calvin,
Luther and Zwingli — virtually all accepted the doctrine of the perpetual
virginity of Mary.
Regarding the passage you quote from Matthew (1:25), as my
earlier column explained, the Greek word that is translated "until"
says nothing about what happened afterward. (Greek translators used the same
word — "eso" — to say in 2 Samuel 6:23 that the daughter of Saul
"had no children until the day of her death.")
But the main reason I have chosen to run your question is to comment
on your view that Jesus had other siblings. All four evangelists do, in fact,
make some mention of his brothers and sisters. Mark 6:3, for example, asks:
"Is he (Jesus) not the carpenter, the son of Mary, and the brother of
James and Joses and Judas and Simon? Are not his sisters here with us?"
Some Catholic scholars explain that the Greek word
"adelphos" can mean not just blood brothers, but half brother,
stepbrother or even cousins — the speculation being that Joseph may have had
children from a previous marriage, making them step-siblings of Jesus.
There is no record of Joseph's age at the time of his betrothal
to Mary, and some commentators think that Joseph may have been considerably
older than Mary since he is not mentioned at all in the Gospels after the
childhood of Jesus.
The crucifixion scene would seem to corroborate the Catholic
belief that Jesus was the only child of Joseph and Mary: In Jewish custom, the
obligation of caring for a widowed mother would pass to the next oldest if
anything happened to the firstborn son; but since Jesus had no "blood
brother," he entrusted Mary on Calvary to the care of John, the beloved
disciple.